USEPA SPCC Guidance
The SPCC rule applies to facilities with the potential to discharge “oil” in quantities that may be harmful to navigable waters and adjoining shorelines. The SPCC rule’s definition of oil originated from the Clean Water Act (CWA). Section 311(a)(1) of the CWA defines oil as, “oil of any kind or in any form, including, but not limited to, petroleum, fuel oil, sludge, oil refuse, and oil mixed with wastes other than dredged spoil.” Petroleum oils include crude and refined petroleum products, asphalt, gasoline, fuel oils, mineral oils, naphtha, sludge, oil refuse, and oil mixed with wastes other than dredged spoil (67 FR 47075).
The below text is an excerpt from the SPCC rule:
§112.2
Oil means oil of any kind or in any form, included, but not limited to: fats, oils, or greases of animal, fish, or marine mammal origin; vegetable oils, including oils from seeds, nuts, fruits, or kernels; and, other oils and greases, including petroleum, fuel oil, sludge, synthetic oils, mineral oils, oil refuse, or oil mixed with wastes other than dredged spoil.
Refer to 40 CFR part 112 for the full text of the rule.
The U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) compiled a list of substances it considers oil (see below), based on the CWA definition. The list is available on the USCG website. Note, however, that the USCG list is not comprehensive and does not define “oil” for purposes of 40 CFR part 112. EPA may determine that a substance, chemical, material, or mixture is an oil even if it is not on the USCG list. For more information see EPA’s Guidance.
USCG List of Petroleum and Non-petroleum Oils
This USGC list of oils is organized alphabetically into several subgroups. This list in not a complete list of oils regulated under 40 CFR part 112, rather a list of chemicals that are considered oil by the U.S. Coast Guard. Crude oil and refined petroleum products are among the most familiar types of oils. Petroleum and fuel oil are specifically named in the Clean Water Act (CWA) definition of oil. Edible animal and vegetable oils and other oils of animal or vegetable origin have historically been considered CWA oils.
Other non-petroleum oils are substances that have the properties and behavior of traditional oils and have historically been considered to be oils. Lube-oil additives are included in the list of oils because they may be shipped or stored in an oil medium. Some substances that have not been considered oils historically may be added to this list in the future if they are determined to have oil-like characteristics.
If you have a question about whether a commodity that does not appear on this list is regulated as an oil, please call Mr. Patrick Keffler, CG-ENG-5, at 202-372-1424.
Crude Oil and Refined Petroleum Products
- Alkanes (C6-C9)
- n-Alkanes (C10+)
- iso- & cyclo-Alkanes (C10-C11)
- Alkylbenzenes (C9+)
- Alkylbenzene, Alkylindane, Alkylindene mixture (each C12-C17)
- Asphalt
- Asphalt: cutback
- Asphalt: emulsion
- Asphalt blending stocks: Roofers flux
- Asphalt blending stocks: Straight run residue
- Aviation alkylates
- Cobalt naphthenate in Solvent naphtha
- p-Cymene
- Diisopropyl naphthalene
- Distillates: Flashed feed stocks
- Distillates: Straight run
- Ethyl cyclohexane
- Gas oil: Cracked
- Gasoline: Automotive (not over 4.23g Pb/gal)
- Gasoline: Aviation (not over 4.86g Pb/gal)
- Gasoline: Casinghead (natural)
- Gasoline: Polymer
- Gasoline: Straight run
- Gasoline blending stocks: Alkylates
- Gasoline blending stocks: Reformates
- Heptane (all isomers)
- Heptene (all isomers)
- Hexane (all isomers)
- Hexene (all isomers)
- Jet fuel: Jet A-1
- Jet fuel: Jet A
- Jet fuel: Jet B
- Jet fuel: JP-4
- Jet fuel: JP-5 (Kerosene, heavy)
- Jet fuel: JP-8
- Kerosene
- Methylcyclohexane
- Mineral spirits
- Naphtha: Heavy
- Naphtha: Paraffinic
- Naphtha: Petroleum
- Naphtha: Solvent
- Naphtha: Stoddard solvent
- Naphtha: VM & P (75% Naphtha)
- Nonane (all isomers)
- Nonylbenzene
- Octane (all isomers)
- Oil, fuel: No. 1
- Oil, fuel: No. 1-D
- Oil, fuel: No. 2
- Oil, fuel: No. 2-D
- Oil, fuel: No. 4
- Oil, fuel: No. 5
- Oil, fuel: No. 6
- Oil, misc: Aliphatic
- Oil, misc: Aromatic
- Oil, misc: Clarified
- Oil, misc: Coal
- Oil, misc: Crude
- Oil, misc: Diesel
- Oil, misc: Gas, low pour
- Oil, misc: Gas, low sulfur
- Oil, misc: Heartcut distillate
- Oil, misc: Lubricating
- Oil, misc: Mineral
- Oil, misc: Mineral seal
- Oil, misc: Motor
- Oil, misc: Penetrating
- Oil, misc: Residual
- Oil, misc: Road
- Oil, misc: Seal
- Oil, misc: Spindle
- Oil, misc: Transformer
- Oil, misc: Turbine
- Olefin mixtures (C5-C7)
- alpha-Olefins (C6-C18) mixtures
- Olefins (C13+)
- Pentene (all isomers)
- 1-Phenyl-1-xylyl ethane
- iso-Propylcyclohexane
- Tetrahydronaphthalene
- White spirit (low (15-20%) aromatic)
Edible Animal and Vegetable Oils
- Oil, edible: Beechnut
- Oil, edible: Castor
- Oil, edible: Cocoa butter
- Oil, edible: Coconut
- Oil, edible: Cod liver
- Oil, edible: Corn (maize)
- Oil, edible: Cottonseed
- Oil, edible: Fish
- Oil, edible: Groundnut
- Oil, edible: Hazelnut
- Oil, edible: Lard
- Oil, edible: Nutmeg butter
- Oil, edible: Olive
- Oil, edible: Palm
- Oil, edible: Palm kernel
- Oil, edible: Peanut
- Oil, edible: Peel
- Oil, edible: Poppy
- Oil, edible: Poppy seed
- Oil, edible: Raisin seed
- Oil, edible: Rapeseed
- Oil, edible: Rice bran
- Oil, edible: Safflower
- Oil, edible: Salad
- Oil, edible: Sesame
- Oil, edible: Soya bean
- Oil, edible: Sunflower seed
- Oil, edible: Tucum
- Oil, edible: Vegetable
- Oil, edible: Walnut
Other Oils of Animal or Vegetable Origin
- Animal and Fish oils, n. o. s.
- Animal and fish acids oils and distillates, n. o. s.
- Camphor oil
- Cashew nut shell oil (untreated)
- Creosote (wood)
- Fatty acid (saturated, C13+)
- Fatty acid amides
- Oil, misc: Animal
- Oil, misc: Coconut, fatty acid methyl ester
- Oil, misc: Coconut oil, fatty acid
- Oil, misc: Cottonseed oil, fatty acid
- Oil, misc: Lanolin
- Oil, misc: Linseed
- Oil, misc: Neatsfoot
- Oil, misc: Oiticica
- Oil, misc: Palm oil, fatty acid methyl ester
- Oil, misc: Perilla
- Oil, misc: Pilchard
- Oil, misc: Pine
- Oil, misc: Rosin
- Oil, misc: Soapstock
- Oil, misc: Soybean (epoxidized)
- Oil, misc: Sperm
- Oil, misc: Tall
- Oil, misc: Tall, fatty acid
- Oil, misc: Tallow
- Oil, misc: Tung
- Oil, misc: Whale
- Palm kernel acid oil
- Palm kernel acid oil, methyl ester
- Palm Olein
- Palm Stearin
- Palm Fatty Acid Distillate
- Tallow fatty acid
- Tallow nitrile
- Turpentine
- Vegetable acid oils and distillates, n. o. s.
- Vegetable oils, n. o. s.
Other Non-Petroleum Oils
- Anthracene oil (Coal tar fraction)
- Coal tar
- Coal tar pitch (molten)
- Creosote (Coal tar)
- Naphtha: Coal tar solvent
- Polydimethylsiloxane
Lube-Oil Additives
- Alkaryl polyether (C9-C20)
- Alkenyl (C11+) amide
- Alkyl (C8+) amine, alkenyl (C12+) acid ester mixture
- Alkyl (C11-C17) benzene sulfonic acid
- Alkylbenzene sulfonic acid, sodium salt solution
- Alkyl dithiothiadiazole (C6-C24)
- Alkyl (C8-C40) phenol sulfide
- Alkyl (C8-C9) phenylamine in aromatic solvents
- Alkyl (C10-C20), saturated and unsaturated) phosphite
- Aryl polyolefin (C11-C50)
- Calcium alkyl (C9) phenol sulfide, polyolefin phosphorosulfide mixture
- Calcium long chain alkaryl sulfonate (C11-C50)
- Calcium long chain alkyl (C5-C10) phenate
- Calcium long chain alkyl (C11-C40) phenate
- Calcium long chain alkyl phenate sulfide (C8- C40)
- Calcium long chain alkyl salicylate (C13+)
- Calcium long chain alkyl phenolic amine (C8- C40)
- Chlorinated paraffins (C18+) with any level of chlorine
- Dialkyl (C8-C9) diphenylamines
- Dibutyl hydrogen phosphonate
- Diphenylamine, reaction product with 2, 2, 4- Trimethylpentene
- Diphenylamines, alkylated
- Dodecyl hydroxypropyl sulfide
- Glycerol monooleate
- Long chain alkaryl polyether (C11-C20)
- Long chain alkaryl sulfonic acid (C16-C60)
- Long chain alkylphenate/Phenol sulfide mixture
- Magnesium long chain alkaryl sulfonate (C11- C50)
- Magnesium long chain alkyl salicylate (C11+)
- Olefin/Alkyl ester copolymer (molecular weight 2000+)
- Oleylamine
- Phosphate esters, alkyl (C12-C14) amine
- Polyalkyl (C10-C20) methacrylate
- Polyether (molecular weight 2000+)
- Polyether, borated
- Polyisobutenyl anhydride adduct
- Polyolefin (molecular weight 300+)
- Polyolefin amide alkeneamine (C28+)
- Polyolefin amide alkeneamine borate (C28- C250)
- Polyolefin amide alkeneamine molybdenum oxysulfide mixture
- Polyolefin amide alkeneamine polyol
- Polyolefinamine (C28-C250)
- Polyolefinamine in alkyl (C2-C4) benzenes
- Polyolefin aminoester salt
- Polyolefin anhydride
- Polyolefin ester (C28-C250)
- Polyolefin phenolic amine (C28-C250)
- Polyolefin phosphorosulfide – Barium derivative (C28-C250)
- Sodium petroleum sulfonate
- Sulfohydrocarbon (C3-C88)
- Sulfohydrocarbon, long chain (C18+_ alkylamine mixture
- Sulfurized fat (C14-C20)
- Sulfurized polyolefinamide alkene (C28-C250) amine
- Tall oil fatty acid, barium salts
- Zinc alkaryl dithiophosphate (C7-C16)
- Zinc alkyl dithiophosphate (C3-C14)
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